Reverberatory furnace.



(llo. Model.) 2 Sheets--Sheet l.

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No. 653,479. Patented luly I0, |900. C. H. MURGAN. REVERBEBATORYYFURNAQE.

(Application led Hay 7, 1894.)

(No Model.)

TH: N onms PETERS oo.. Parma-urne; wnsmnmm. n. c.

UNITED STATES lPATENT EEICE,

CHARLES H. MORGAN, OE WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR To THE MORGAN CONSTRUCTION COMPANY, OE SAME PLACE;

REVERBERATORY FU RNACE.

srECiFrcATioN forming part of Letters Patent No. 653,479, dated .'Tuiy 1o, 190e. Application filed May 7,' 1894. Serial No. 510,414. (No model.)

T0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES H. MORGAN, a -citizen of the United States, residing at Worcester, in the county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Reverberatory Furnaces, of which the following is a specification, accompanied by drawings forminga part of the same, and in whichv Figure l represents a top view of a f uinace embodying my invention, one-half of the top or roof of the furnace having been removed in order to disclose the interior. Fig. 2 is a central sectional view of the furnace on line 2 2, Fig. l. portion of one of the skewbacks by which the segmental arches forming the roof of the furnace are supportedand showing the method by which the skewbacks are suspended. Fig. 4 represents a central longitudinal section of a portion of the Water-box forming a track or guideway for the admission of the blooms or billets to be heated; and Figs. 5 and 6 are detached views representing, respectively, an end and side of one of the skewbacks.

Similar letters refer to similar parts in the different figures.

My invention relates to the construction and support of the roof of the furnace, to the means for the introduction of the billet by an endwise movement transversely across the heating-chamber, and to certain novel features of construction and arrangement of parts, as hereinafter described, and set forth in the annexed claims.

My invention further relates to the pushing mechanism by which the billet is pushed by a sidewise movement along the heatingchamber; but this portion of my invention is not claimed specifically, as it has been made the subject of a separate application, Serial No. 8,266, filed on or about the 12th day of March, 1900, as a division of the present application.

For thepurpose of illustrating the nature of my invention and the method ofl putting the same in practice I have represented in the accompanying drawings an ordinary and well-known type of va reverberatory furnace provided with aheating-chamber into which the billets to be heated are introduced at the Fig. 3 is a detached view of a cooler end of the chamber and successively pushed by mechanical means toward the hot` ter section of the chamber, and I form the roof of the heating-chamber by means of a series of segmental arches resting upon skewing-framework entirely Outside the heatingchamber of the furnace, thereby allowing the heating-chamber to be increased in area by the multiplicationof segmental arches each having its axis transverse to the heatingchamber and at right angles to the movement of the products of combustion as they pass to the chimney. Each of the skewbacks forms transverse ribs which extend across the furnace from side to side, thereby contracting the space between the roofl and iioor of the furnace and causing the currentv of heated air to be deflected downward and also intensiied in force by the throttling action due to the contraction of the space.

'In the accompanying drawings, A denotes `the heating-chamber, inclosed by a roof consisting in the present instance of the three segmental varches B C D, the arches B D resting at their outer ends upon piers E and F at the ends of t'he furnace and at their inner ends upon skewbacks G H and with the ends of the inner arch C resting upon the skewbacks G H. The skewbacks G and H are arranged in pairs and are provided with the vertical and abutting walls I, the walls I of eachV pair being held in contact by the ylateral thrust of the arches upon opposite sides of each abutting pair of skewbacks.

Longitudinal semicircular recesses `J are formed in the vertical walls I, so as to form when theskewbacks are arranged in pairs a circular chamber adapted to receive a pipe or hollow bar J', connected at its ends with a water system in order to fill the pipe with water. The skewbacks G H, are preferably made in short pieces placed end toend, as represented in Fig. 3, and are provided at their abutting ends with recesses K,form ing at the j unction of the skewbacks a'chamber to receive a looped metal strap L,'passing beneath the water-pipes J and having their upper ends attached to the suspension-rods M, which are screw-threaded at .their upper ends and carry nuts M', resting upon the upbacks which are suspended from a support- IOO per side of plates N, which are supported upon the parallel I-beams N', extending transversely across the furnace above the segmental arches and supported at their ends upon plates N2, which rest upon the side walls N3 of the furnace. The piers E and F are backed bythe metal plates 0 O, against which are placed the edges of the I-beams O', the opposite edges of the beams O bearing against the vertical I-bcams O2, which are united at their upper and lower ends by the tie-rods O3 O3, so as to receive the lateral thrust of the segmental arches upon the piers E and F. The interior ends of the segmental arches are thus supported upon the transverse skewbacks, which in turn are suspended by suspension-rods and framework resting upon the side walls of the furnace and lying wholly without the heating-chamber. The several skewbacks, which are arranged with abutting ends transversely to the furnace, are strung upon and supported by the water-pipes J', which extend through the entire series of skewbacks lying between each pair of adjacent arches, and as the metal straps L, attached to the suspension-rods, are in close contact only with the water-pipes J they are thereby protected against injury from excessive heat at the location of the skewbacks, which is due to the intensifying of the blast o r current of heated air by the contraction of the vertical space between the door of the furnace and the roof, the skewbacks forming projecting ribs which extend transversely across the roof of the furnace.

The heating-chamber A is provided with a hearth or oor P, having a gradual inclination from the cooler end of the chamberA toward the fire-chamber, and upon the surface of the inclined hearth are arranged the water-pipes P', connected at their ends to a water system, like the pipes J', so as to be kept filled with water. The pipes P serve as skids upon which the billets, as represented by broken lines P2 in Fig. 2, are successively moved from the cooler end of the heatingchamber by means of the pushing-bars P3, connected by links P4 with arms P5 upon a rocking shaft P6, having arms P7 connected by links PB with a reciprocatingr piston inclosed in the hydraulic cylinder P2, by which the rocking shaft P6 is oscillated and a reciprocating motion imparted to the pushingbars P3.

At the cooler end of the heating-chamber A an opening Q, slightlylarger than the crosssection of the billet to be heated, is made in the side wall of the furnace to allow the billets to be introduced endwise into the heat- `ing-chamber through the opening.

gether by a clamping-rod R2, inclosed within the water-box and carrying nuts R3, bearing against the closed ends of the outer sections of the box. The upper surface R' of the water-box is depressed at intervals, forming recesses R4, Fig. 4, in order to allow the waterpipes P to pass over the water-box R and bring them llush with or slightly below the surface R' and out of the path of the billet as it is pushed endwise along the upper surface of the water-box. The water-box R is provided at one side with a ange R5, projecting upward from the surface R and forming a guide-wall for the billet in its endwise movement. The llange R5 is provided with openings R6 to receivelthe pushing-bars P3,and the ends of the Hange adjoining the openings are rounded or chamfered on the side next the water-box, as shown at R7, Fig. l,in order to remove the corners of the flange, which would be liable to catch the end of the billet and impede its end wise movement.

In the operation of my improved furnace the pushing-bars P3 are drawn back by their connected actuating mechanism so as to clear the space over the water-box R, and a billet is inserted endwise into the heating-chamber A through the opening Q, the billet sliding along and resting upon the surface R of the water-box. A reciprocating motion is then imparted to the pushing-bars P3, and the billet lying upon the surface R is pushed sidewise off the Water-box R upon the water-pipes or skids P into the position occupied by the first billet a in the series indicated by the broken lines P2, Fig. 2. The pushing-bars P3 are then drawn back and a second billet inserted, the guide-wall R5 and the side of the billet last inserted serving as guiding-walls to conduct the advancing edge of the billet. The forward movement of the pushing-bars P3 is again repeated and the billet pushed off the Water-box R, moving the adjacent billet along the pipes or skids P, and as each succeeding billet is inserted the entire series of billets lying on the water-pipes or skids P are simultaneously moved along one step nearer the fire-chamber, the several billets in the series as they approach the end of the inclined hearth P falling upon the Yhorizontal hearth S, from which they are removed through an opening T in the side wall of the furnace.

I am aware that it is not new to insert the billets at the cooler end of the chamber and push them by mechanical means along inclined skids consisting of hollow pipes filled with water; but in furnaces where billets are thus introduced to the heating-chamber an opening extending transversely across the furnace is provided in the end wall in order to allow the billet to be entered sidewise and the billet placed upon a horizontal shelf or soleplate located outside the furnace and pushed with a sidewise motion from the sole-plate or IOC IIO

shelf through the transverse lopening in the Y end wall of the furnace by means of a pushing-plate, which also serves' as a door to close the opening in the furnace, except when it is withdrawn to allow a billet to be placed upon the sole-plate in front of the opening. This method of entering the billets by a sidewise instead of an endwise movement requires an opening in the furnace greater in area than the longitudinal section of the billet, and this enlarged opening is necessarily open to the escape of heat during the entire time the billet is being placed in position upon the soleplate.

I am able to restrict the opening in the wall of the furnace for the reception of the billet to an area slightly in excess of the cross-section of the billet, and instead of a pushingplate,- by which the billet is advanced toward the fire, I employ a series of pushing-bars which have a reciprocating motion through openings in the Iiange R5, so that no openings are made for the escape of heat in consequence of the reciprocating-"movement ofthe pushing mechanism, the endwise movement of the billet for the purpose of placing it in position to be acted upon by the pushing mechanism taking place wholly within instead of outside the heating-chamber, and during this endwise movement of the billet the opening Q is practically closed by the passing billet.

The upper surface R of the Water-box not only serves as a sole-plate to withstand the scraping action of the advancing billet and is protected from injury by the heat of the furnace by reason of its contact with the water held in the box R', but it further serves to conduct the billet over the water-pipes or skids P', which lie transversely to the motion of the billet, and .the ange R5 on one side and the previously-inserted billet on the opposite side furnish guiding-walls by which the advancing edge of the billet is controlled and restrained from lateral displacement.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a furnace, the combination of a pair of vertical and parallel walls, an overhead framework resting upon said walls, an arched roof having the axes of its'arches at right angles with said walls and suspended from said overhead framework,whereby the weight of said roof is received in vertical planes by said walls, a pair of Walls forming the end walls of the furnace and arranged to receive the end thrust of said arched roof, vertical piers parallel with the outside of said end lwalls, beams placed between said end Walls and piers, whereby the thrust of the arched roof exerted upon said end walls is communicated to said piers and tie-rods extending lengthwise, and connecting the piers at op- -posite ends of the furnace, substantially as posite end of the chamber, an opening in one of the side Walls adapted to admit a billet into the path of said pushing mechanism by an endwise movement at right angles to the movement of said pushing mechanism, and a delivery-opening through which the heated billets are removed from said chamber, substantially as described.

3. In a furnace for heating billets, the combination of a heating-chamber, an opening at or near one end of said chamber for the dclivery of heated billets, a pushing mechanism arranged to act through the opposite end wall of the chamber and push a billet by a sidewise movement toward the delivery end of said chamber, an opening in one 0f the side walls of the chamber adapted to receive a billet into the path of said pushing mechanism and a longitudinal track over which the billet-s are pushed from the admission to the delivery end of the chamber, substantially as described.

4. In a furnace,the combination with a heating-chamber provided with an opening at or near one end for the delivery of heated billets therefrom and an opening in its side Wall at its opposite end adapted to admit a billet by an endwise movement, a sole-plate inclosed within the Walls of said chamber and opposite said admission-opening, and a fiange on said sole-plate to guide the advancing end of the billet, substantially as described.

5. In a furnace,the combination wit-h a heating-chamber provided with an opening at or near one end for the delivery of heated billets therefrom and an opening in its side Wall at its opposite end adapted to admit a billet by an endwise movement,a sole-plate inclosed Within the walls of said chamber and opposite said admission-opening, and a ange on said sole-plate to guide the advancing end of the billet, said flange having openings to admit reciprocating pushing-bars inclosed in said openings by which the billet is pushedV od said sole-plate, substantiallyr as described.

6. In a furnace provided with an opening in its side wall and at the receiving end of the furnace, adapted to receive a billet by an endwise movement, a hollow metal sole-plate inclosed in the heating-chamber of the furnace and extending transversely thereto and in alinement with said opening, and waterpipes connected with said hollow sole-plate and extending lengthwise the heating-chamber whereby a Water circulation is maintained through said sole-plate, substantially as described.

7. In a furnace, the combination of a heating-chamber provided with an opening in one of its side walls at one end of said chamber to admit a billet, a sole-plate opposite said opening extending transversely across said chamber and adapted to receive a billet moved endwise into said chamber, said sole-plate having a series of recesses in its upper surface to receive a series of skids and a series of skids extending across said sole-plate and IOO IIO

forming a longitudinal track over which the billets are moved, and a delivery-opening for the heated billets at the opposite end of said chamber, substantially as described.

8. In a furnace, the combination of a heating-chamber having an opening at one end for the delivery of heated billets therefrom and an opening in its side wall at the opposite end of the heating-chamber to receive a billet moving endwise, a sole-plate Within the heating-chamber and in alinement with said opening, upon which the billet is received, said chamber having an opening in its end Wall to receive a pushing mechanism and a pushing mechanism arranged to act through said end Wall upon the billet resting on said sole-plate, substantially as described.

9. In a furnace, the combination of a heating-chamber provided With a delivery-opening at one end, an opening in its side Wall at the opposite end to receive a billet by an endwise movement, restricted openings in its end wall to receive a pushing mechanism, a pushing mechanism consisting of a series of bars Adownwardly toward said inclined floor Where'- by the space between said roof and floor is contracted at intervals, with the area of said contracted space gradually increasing toward the delivery end ofthe furnace, substantially as described.

Dated this 23d day of April, 189i.

CHAS. H. MORGAN.

lVitnesses:

PAUL B. MORGAN, T. M. MCFADDEN. 

